sustainability · 2757 comments ·

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral Reefs as a Marker of Environmental Change

Coral is highly sensitive to its external environment. Changes in ocean temperature, pollution and run-off,  and pH (ocean acidification) can cause them to 'bleach' (1). When bleached, they can survive if optimal conditions return. However, if the stress is sustained, they will eventually die. As such, coral reefs are deeply threatened by environmental change and therefore make a good marker for the health of ocean ecosystems.

 

What is coral bleaching?

Coral live in a symbiotic relationship with microscopic, photosynthetic, algae called zooxanthellae (2). Like plants, the zooxanthellae capture sunlight and convert it into energy, providing essential nutrients to the coral (3). In return, the coral provides a protected environment for the zooxanthellae to live. Aside from providing nutrients, the zooxanthellae are also responsible for the colouring of many stony corals.

Under conditions of stress caused by changes in ocean temperature, agricultural run-off, and ocean acidification, resulting from human activities releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, the coral polyps expel their zooxanthellae, causing them to take on a white appearance, what is known as "coral bleaching" (4). The coral will not die instantly when the zooxanthellae is expelled, but if the period of stress is sustained, the zooxanthellae will be unable to re-enter the coral tissue, the coral will not get the essential nutrients it needs to survive.

What is left is the corals calcium carbonate skeleton. Algae begins to grow over the coral skeletons, blocking any chance of regrowth. After time, the skeletons will erode, resulting in the collapse of the reef structure. This collapse is not just an eyesore, it has catastrophic impacts for the ocean ecosystem, fisheries and local communities that depend on the reef for an income.

 

Why is it Important That we Protect Coral Reefs?

Habitat - Coral skeletons are an important component of the reef architecture and provide a habitat for 25% of all marine species (5). They provide shelter, spawning grounds and protection from predators. In their absence, fish stocks will decline, this has a knock-on effect to local communities who are reliant on fish for their main source of protein.

Tourism and Recreation - For coastal communities that are reliant on tourism for their income, the health of coral reefs is paramount to their survival. Ecotourism provides thousands of jobs and millions of dollars in income. It has been estimated that coral reefs have a global economic value of $36 billion per year (6).

Coastline Protection  - Coral reefs absorb 97% of a waves energy (7), acting as a buffer against storm events, such as hurricanes and tsunamis, to 150,000 km of global tropical coastlines in over 100 countries (8).

Pharmaceuticals - Due to the stationary nature of coral, it has developed a plethora of chemical defences in order to gain protection from predators and to fight disease. Coral is therefore becoming increasingly recognised as an important source of new drugs to treat diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's and arthritis.

 

What Can we do to Help?

Although small changes at home will make a difference (e.g. buying organic food as to not contribute to the use of pesticides and herbicides), the real issue here is climate change which requires global cooperation and action to reduce emissions and slow global warming. The death of coral reefs is not just a great loss to the ocean but it will greatly impact millions of people, in over 100 countries, who rely on the reefs for their income and as a food source.

 

References:

  1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5985/1523
  2. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/tutorial_corals/coral02_zooxanthellae.html#:~:text=Coral%20polyps%2C%20which%20are%20animals,water%20to%20carry%20out%20photosynthesis
  3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs003380050249
  4. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1312064
  5. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/04/160404152918.htm
  6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308597X17300635
  7. https://coast.noaa.gov/states/fast-facts/coral-reefs.html
  8. https://oceanwealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Atlas_of_Ocean_Wealth.pdf

2758 comments

Your comment was posted successfully! Thank you!

  • ryjwrjjry

    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-10-vidas-PELICULA-COMPLETA-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Longlegs-PELICULA-COMPLETA-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Alien-Romulus-PELICULA-COMP/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Los-mundos-de-Coraline-PELI/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Odio-el-verano-PELICULA-COM/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Parpadea-dos-veces-PELICULA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-MaXXXine-PELICULA-COMPLETA-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Isla-perdida-Haunted-Heart-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-El-mayordomo-ingles-PELICUL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Antes-era-divertido-PELICUL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Silver-Haze-PELICULA-COMPLE/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Buffalo-Kids-PELICULA-COMPL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-La-mujer-del-presidente-PEL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-The-Sweet-East-PELICULA-COM/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Niegalo-siempre-PELICULA-CO/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-El-Conde-de-Montecristo-PEL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Cuerpo-escombro-PELICULA-CO/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Borderlands-El-destino-del-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-La-trampa-PELICULA-COMPLETA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Gru-4-Mi-villano-favorito-P/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Bikeriders-La-ley-del-asfal/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Fly-Me-to-the-Moon-PELICULA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Twisters-PELICULA-COMPLETA-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Padre-no-hay-mas-que-uno-4-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Deadpool-y-Lobezno-PELICULA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-El-cuervo-PELICULA-COMPLETA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Diabolica-PELICULA-COMPLETA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Un-regalo-para-papa-y-mama-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Volvereis-PELICULA-COMPLETA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Hellboy-The-Crooked-Man-PEL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Heroes-de-Central-Park-PELI/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Bonnard-el-pintor-y-la-musa/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-El-eco-PELICULA-COMPLETA-ON/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Romper-el-circulo-PELICULA-/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Del-reves-2-Inside-Out-2-PE/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Casa-en-llamas-PELICULA-COM/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Una-madre-de-Tokio-PELICULA/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-El-monje-y-el-rifle-PELICUL/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Un-lugar-comun-PELICULA-COM/
    https://os.mbed.com/teams/PelisplusVer-Que-la-fiesta-continue-PELI/

    https://www.hybrid-analysis.com/sample/605eb436b98afd900beed693c1b99a3bcb71311913212117d09ee1b5463a0693
    https://www.surveyking.com/survey/2821
    https://doc.clickup.com/9018117031/p/h/8crb2x7-4058/52ae54d06f0f1b6
    https://herbalmeds-forum.biolife.com.my/d/121609-tuketktuktuktukk
    https://www.yeuthucung.com/threads/tuektuktueketuktuktu.487305/
    https://kitemunity.com/forums/topic/8012/tuekttuktuktuktuktuk/view/post_id/90310
    https://www.snibc.co.uk/fusion/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=9674
    https://www.tadalive.com/blog/395822/uktuktuektuktuktuktuk/
    https://www.ofurea.com/forum/thread/2845/wryyjjyrywjryjryjryjyjr/
    http://www.limesucks.com/thread/etuktktktuktktuk/
    https://forum.freeflarum.com/d/112289-tuektuktuktuktuk
    https://diendannhansu.com/threads/tuketktktukktuktuktuk.523682/
    https://forum.gamestategames.com/d/3843-ryjryjrywjrjryj
    https://forum.theknightonline.com/threads/tuketktektktuk.479902/
    https://www.zephyraxis.com/wall/blogs/47059/kuktukktuektkttuk
    http://opensource.platon.org/forum/projects/viewtopic.php?p=12642577#12642577
    https://forum.instube.com/d/122886-yjrywrwjryjrywjryjw
    https://forum.realdigital.org/d/48097-rwryjrwyjrjrwyjryj
    https://toirscript.com/topic/2409/ktektuktektuktuk
    https://forum.its-egner.de/topic/1835/rywyjrjrwyjryjrywj
    https://ultrafighteronline.com/topic/2599/ktektkutuektuktukktu
    https://forum.freedom-for-icinga.com/topic/2335/ttuketuktktuktuk

  • tahu bulatweftaer

    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079398
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079399
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079401
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1079415
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1079414
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1079413
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179207/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179450/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179477/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179446/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179491/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179484/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179973/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179933/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179938/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179854/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179875/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179874/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179868/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179869/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521179862/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178011/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178013/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178016/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178047/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178045/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178040/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178502/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178506/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178503/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178597/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178548/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178563/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178714/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178712/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521178716/
    https://castbox.fm/episode/[VEDERE-ITA]-%E2%80%94-The-Nun-2-SREAMING-FILM-COMPLETO-id5597161-id633482896?country=us
    https://castbox.fm/episode/COMPLETO-[FILM—The-Nun-2]-STREAM-GRATIS-SU-CB01-ITA-id5597170-id633484969?country=us
    https://castbox.fm/episode/The-Nun-2-STREAMING-FILM-%E2%80%94—[COMPLETO]-IN-ALTA-DEFINIZIONE-id5597171-id633485605?country=us
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079450
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079449
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1079451
    https://rentry.co/c7hzbx
    https://glot.io/new/assembly
    https://rextester.com/LXZZ61047
    https://paste.ee/p/uLsE0
    https://pastelink.net/2ceiupo7
    https://jsfiddle.net/tahubulatt987/zvsp3c6a/1/
    https://codepen.io/Adit-05/pen/GRPOLBv
    https://www.wowace.com/paste/3caa1a69
    https://rextester.com/GUN89149
    https://rextester.com/WLAQH34310
    https://wow.curseforge.com/paste/1e7c9b9c
    https://jsbin.com/bosipirubu/edit?html,output
    https://glot.io/snippets/gowdscrz71
    https://bitbin.it/WsAJBKg0/
    https://forum.contentos.io/topic/263843/awfrsegtedr4t
    https://controlc.com/9c2792b0
    https://tempel.in/view/yIPhAZy

  • tahu bulatweftaer

    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078857
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078864
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078869
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078875
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078879
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078880
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078884
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078886
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078887
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078890
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078892
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078894
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078915
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078918
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078919
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078920
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078921
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078922
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078925
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078927
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078926
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078929
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078931
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078930
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078882
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078883
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078885
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078888
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078889
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1078891
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078893
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078895
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1078896
    https://wandb.ai/verplisplus/es/reports/-PELISPLUS-Ver-Misterio-en-Venecia-2023-Online-en-Espa-ol-y-Latino-Gratis—Vmlldzo1NDM3MzI4
    https://wandb.ai/verplisplus/es/reports/-VER-HD-Misterio-en-Venecia-2023-Pel-cula-Completa-Online-En-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3MzA5
    https://wandb.ai/verplisplus/es/reports/VER-CUEVANA-Misterio-en-Venecia-2023-Pel-cula-Completa-Online-En-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3MzQw
    https://wandb.ai/verplisplus/es/reports/PELISPLUS-VER-Misterio-en-Venecia-2023-ONLINE-en-Espanol-Latino-HD—Vmlldzo1NDM3MzQ5
    https://wandb.ai/verplisplus/es/reports/VER-CUEVANA-Misterio-en-Venecia-2023-Pel-cula-Completa-Online-En-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3MzU4
    https://wandb.ai/plisplusonline/es/reports/-VER-HD-La-monja-II-2023-Pel-cula-Completa-Online-En-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDI4
    https://wandb.ai/plisplusonline/es/reports/PELISPLUS-VER-La-monja-II-2023-ONLINE-en-Espanol-Latino-HD—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDUz
    https://wandb.ai/plisplusonline/es/reports/-CUEVANA-La-monja-II-Pel-cula-completa-Castellano-2023-Online-en-Espa-ol-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDYx
    https://wandb.ai/plisplusonline/es/reports/VER-CUEVANA-La-monja-II-2023-Pel-cula-Completa-Online-En-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDY4
    https://wandb.ai/plisplusonline/es/reports/HD-cuevana-La-monja-II-2023-Ver-GRATIS-PEL-CULA-completa-en-Espa-ol-y-Latino—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDc2
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-La-Nonne-II-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-La-Nonne-II—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjAx
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Equalizer-3-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Equalizer-3—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjEz
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Satanic-Hispanics-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Satanic-Hispanics—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjIy
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Myst-re-Venise-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Myst-re-Venise—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjI5
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Visions-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Visions—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjQ0
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Amerikatsi-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Amerikatsi—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjQ4
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Toni-en-famille-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Toni-en-famille—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjU1
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-Tell-A-Hunter-s-Tale-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-Tell-A-Hunter-s-Tale—Vmlldzo1NDM3MjYy
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-One-Piece-live-Actione-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR-VOIR-One-Piece-live-Actione—Vmlldzo1NDM3Mjc3
    https://wandb.ai/justnet/fr/reports/-VOIR-La-Nonne-II-2023-Fran-ais-Gratuit-et-VF-Complet—Vmlldzo1NDM3Mjky
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/-FILM-COMPLET-La-Nonne-II-2023-Streaming-VF-Gratuit-en-Fran-ais—Vmlldzo1NDM3Mzc3
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/La-Nonne-II-FR-2023-Streaming-VF-gratuit-en-ou-VOSTFR—Vmlldzo1NDM3Mzky
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/-VOIR-La-Nonne-II-Streaming-VF-FR-Gratuit-en-Francais-VOSTFR—Vmlldzo1NDM3Mzk3
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/La-Nonne-II-en-Streaming-HD-fran-ais-et-Vostfr-Gratuit—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDE0
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/HD-VOIR-La-Nonne-II-FILM-complet-ligne-2023-en-Streaming-vf-gratuit—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDI3
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/-FILmS-VOiR-La-Nonne-II-2023-fr-Streaming-Fran-ais-Gratuit-et-VF—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDMy
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/-VOIR-FILmS-La-Nonne-II-2023-Streaming-VF-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDM5
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/FILMS-La-Nonne-II-Streaming-VF-2023-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDQ3
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/VoIR-La-Nonne-II-2023-streaming-VF-FR-en-Fran-ais-VOSTFR—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDU0
    https://wandb.ai/hdmovie/fr/reports/-GUARDA-The-Nun-II-Streaming-Ita-Gratis-Senza-Registrazione-2023—Vmlldzo1NDM3NDc5

  • sbftybyu

    https://eventsframe.com/e/mSwcNA95S/2-hd-4k/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/4594433791098880/
    https://wandb.ai/fy8871377/thenun2film/reports/-2-HD-1080p—-Vmlldzo1NDMyNzM2?accessToken=2ltjurp92y458b16wchy8sudombqm7v310ijv52hrkqdzxt1mk4v3iextuv3mkf6
    https://wandb.ai/meiernstesjvgv-a86-90/meiernstesjvgv/reports/-2-2023-HD—Vmlldzo1NDMzMzA2?accessToken=esypaddn01a8fwogrci6mmp4fw490qpwxo6hw147kbssrj11t767bnvhy5x9n4ch
    https://codeberg.org/fy8871377/fy8871377/issues/1
    https://codeberg.org/meiernstesjvgv/olympus/issues/1
    https://groups.google.com/u/1/g/thenun2fullversionhd/c/8swkkAu-FCw
    https://colab.research.google.com/drive/1j0XkLlzX8UsQuEHH3lvEJIWW9uqVLtgm
    https://eventsframe.com/e/mCocXEdbO/2-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/obDHqykGk/2/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/q7vDKh3y0/2-2023-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/rg5WKAeJy/2-2023-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/tn51jXlny/2/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/pkcEWwtRm/2-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/l2gtkLpeg/2-hd-2023-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/noMmZb1y8/2-2023-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/sIbQhw6LS/2-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/prZQmvFrG/2-1080p-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/mPHZiRuLe/2-2023-4k-the-nun-2-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/p1oUbIFmU/2-the-nun-2-hd-1080p-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/qiIWT6jzW/2-the-nun-2-2023-hd180p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/stzxizXJ6/2023-hd-720-4k/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/mu3cIdYLm/1080p-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/uBHWw0lMc/2023-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/th0zw7Uhq/2023-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/o0r2qxZ84/2023-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/njjEtCTWU/2023-4k-raid-on-the-lethal-zone-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/uD5f2z7B6/raid-on-the-lethal-zone-hd-1080p-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/rZ52YKJHi/2023-hd180p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/tZEh7YOOI/2023-hd-720-4k/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/kJqFNvCLe/2023-full-hd-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/qKhwOXYmQ/2023-hd-720-4k/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/sQfK09cBy/1080p-2023/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/sDubNvwUU/2023-ultra-hd-4k/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/pzLsXzUfC/2023-1080p/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/nthabVC00/2023-hd-1080p/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5124924193636352/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5390803254902784/
    https://eventsframe.com/e/nR51Mjijm/2023-hd-1080p/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5113239919656960/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/6653313857617920/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5217775279669248/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/6747379630866432/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5291734733946880/
    https://app.eventsframe.com/app/event/5021252541480960/

  • tahu bulatweftaer

    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077307
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077308
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077309
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077312
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077314
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077315
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077316
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077318
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077319
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077321
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077323
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077324
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077326
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077327
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077328
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077334
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077335
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077337
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077338
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521766327/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521766380/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521766668/
    https://rentry.co/h7ykok
    https://glot.io/snippets/got3s5zsum
    https://rextester.com/SWUOR89113
    https://paste.ee/p/7uYWX
    https://pastelink.net/wry2ph2t
    https://jsfiddle.net/tahubulatt987/m3phveno/2/
    https://codepen.io/Adit-05/pen/ExGwNWv

  • tahu bulatweftaer

    https://t.co/OeFlQ2QjpW
    https://www.taskade.com/p/equalizer-3-fr-2023-streaming-vf-gratuit-en-ou-vostfr-01HAH0A52BWBTVWK4GJ8KA8BME
    https://t.co/oA7LFuQ3M7
    https://www.taskade.com/p/gran-turismo-fr-2023-streaming-vf-gratuit-vostfr-01HAH1J0AWCEZG1YB25TYDHTJE
    https://t.co/5sjbSHQQ7u
    https://www.taskade.com/p/it-lives-inside-fr-2023-streaming-vf-gratuit-vostfr-01HAH24GRSBE2K0BBNS1VG7SXP
    https://t.co/lErQHWbusy
    https://www.taskade.com/p/oppenheimer-fr-2023-streaming-vf-gratuit-vostfr-01HAH2B8RRV340Q1CDFDDB3XY6
    https://t.co/uBAz5us7Z1
    https://www.taskade.com/p/la-nonne-ii-fr-2023-streaming-vf-gratuit-en-ou-vostfr-01HAH2HF5Q6HT29DM379SX8QBM
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521767991/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521767837/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521761056/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521761018/
    https://www.imdb.com/list/ls521767845/
    https://wandb.ai/dailyfilms/en/reports/Watch-A-Haunting-in-Venice-Free-FullMovie-Online—Vmlldzo1NDE2MTEx
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077068
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077086
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077070
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077091
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077093
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077095
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077162
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077166
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077169
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077251
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077252
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077253
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077254
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077255
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077256
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077257
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077258
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077259
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077260
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077261
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077262
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077266
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077267
    https://my.mamul.am/am/post/1077268
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077269
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077270
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077271
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077274
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077275
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077276
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077277
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077278
    https://my.mamul.am/en/post/1077279

Leave a comment

BLOG